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Israeli Factors in the Process of ‘Polarization’ of American Judaism Since the End of the 20th Century
Author(s): 
Pages: 55-75+158
Year: Issue:  2
Journal: Arab World Studies

Keyword:  American JudaismOrthodoxUn-OrthodoxPolarizationIsrael;
Abstract: Since the end of the 20 th century, there has been an obvious trend of "polarization" between orthodox and unorthodox Judaism in the United States, and Israel has become a "wedge" to intensify the process of "polarization". Israel’s status as the "spiritual center" among the Jews in the world is highlighted. In the era of globalization, the Jewish groups in the diaspora have strengthened their association with Israel, and the status differences of various sectarian groups in the association with Israel have led Israel to become the key "battlefield" for the competition among sects of Judaism in the United States. Due to the closer but unbalanced connection, Israel’s social and political conflicts and "polarization" can easily "spill over" to the American Jewish community. Different sects of Judaism in the United States were involved in the social and political disputes in Israel in the mode of "invited" or "boomerang". Since the beginning of the 21 st century, Israel’s right-wing deviation and "democratic crisis" make it closer to the Orthodox groups of the United States in terms of identity, party affiliation or policy orientation, but more alienated from the un-Orthodox groups. A rightist Israel exacerbated the "identity conflict" between different sects of Judaism in the United States.
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