Transgene Flow from Glufosinate-ResistantRice toImproved and Weedy Ricein China
Author(s): LUYong-liang, Nilda RBURGOS, WANGWei-xia, YULiu-qing
Pages: 271-281
Year: 2014 Issue: 5
Journal: Rice Science
Keyword: gene flow; hybrid rice; japonica rice; indica rice; transgenic rice; weedy rice; glufosinate-resistance;
Abstract: The development of transgenic rice with novel traits in Chinacanincreaserice productivity, but transgene flow toimprovedor weedy ricehas becomeamajor concern.Weaimed to evaluatethe potential maximumfrequencies of transgene flowfromglufosinate-resistantricetoimprovedrice cultivarsand weedy rice.Treatments were arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replicates.Experiments were conducted between 2009and2010at the Center for Environmental Safety Supervision and Inspection for Genetically Modified Plants,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou, China.Glufosinate-resistantjaponicarice 99-1 wasthepollen donor.The pollen recipients weretwoinbredjaponica rice(Chunjiang016andXiushui09),twoinbredindica rice (Zhongzu14andZhongzao22),twoindica hybrid rice(Zhongzheyou1andGuodao1), andone weedyindica rice(Taizhou weedy rice).The offspringof recipients were planted in the field and sprayed with a commercial dose of glufosinate. Leaf tissues of survivors were analyzedby polymerase chain reactionto detect the presence of the transgene.The frequency of gene flow ranged from0to 0.488%. In 2009,theorderofgene flow frequencywas as follows:weedy rice > Chunjiang016 >Xiushui09 and Zhongzu14 > Guodao1, Zhongzheyou1and Zhongzao22.Gene flow frequencies were generally higher in 2009 than in 2010, but did not differ significantly amongrice materials.Gene flowfrequencywasthehighestinweedy rice followed by the inbred japonicarice. The risk of gene flow differedsignificantly between years and year-to-year variance could mask risk differences among pollen recipients. Gene flow was generally lesserintallerpollen recipients thaninshorter ones, but plantheight only accountedfor about 30% of variation in gene flow. When flowering synchronywas maximized, as in this study, lowfrequencies of gene flow occurredfrom herbicide-resistantjaponica rice to othercultivarsand weedy rice. Averaged across years,the risk of gene flow to weedy rice was higher thanthatofimprovedrice and hybrids. Greater resources must be dedicated tothe management of remnant weedy rice in fields planted with herbicide-resistantrice,andto prevent the evolution of resistant weedy rice populations.
Pages: 271-281
Year: 2014 Issue: 5
Journal: Rice Science
Keyword: gene flow; hybrid rice; japonica rice; indica rice; transgenic rice; weedy rice; glufosinate-resistance;
Abstract: The development of transgenic rice with novel traits in Chinacanincreaserice productivity, but transgene flow toimprovedor weedy ricehas becomeamajor concern.Weaimed to evaluatethe potential maximumfrequencies of transgene flowfromglufosinate-resistantricetoimprovedrice cultivarsand weedy rice.Treatments were arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replicates.Experiments were conducted between 2009and2010at the Center for Environmental Safety Supervision and Inspection for Genetically Modified Plants,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou, China.Glufosinate-resistantjaponicarice 99-1 wasthepollen donor.The pollen recipients weretwoinbredjaponica rice(Chunjiang016andXiushui09),twoinbredindica rice (Zhongzu14andZhongzao22),twoindica hybrid rice(Zhongzheyou1andGuodao1), andone weedyindica rice(Taizhou weedy rice).The offspringof recipients were planted in the field and sprayed with a commercial dose of glufosinate. Leaf tissues of survivors were analyzedby polymerase chain reactionto detect the presence of the transgene.The frequency of gene flow ranged from0to 0.488%. In 2009,theorderofgene flow frequencywas as follows:weedy rice > Chunjiang016 >Xiushui09 and Zhongzu14 > Guodao1, Zhongzheyou1and Zhongzao22.Gene flow frequencies were generally higher in 2009 than in 2010, but did not differ significantly amongrice materials.Gene flowfrequencywasthehighestinweedy rice followed by the inbred japonicarice. The risk of gene flow differedsignificantly between years and year-to-year variance could mask risk differences among pollen recipients. Gene flow was generally lesserintallerpollen recipients thaninshorter ones, but plantheight only accountedfor about 30% of variation in gene flow. When flowering synchronywas maximized, as in this study, lowfrequencies of gene flow occurredfrom herbicide-resistantjaponica rice to othercultivarsand weedy rice. Averaged across years,the risk of gene flow to weedy rice was higher thanthatofimprovedrice and hybrids. Greater resources must be dedicated tothe management of remnant weedy rice in fields planted with herbicide-resistantrice,andto prevent the evolution of resistant weedy rice populations.
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