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Effects of Herbicide Bensulfuron-methyl on Growth of Reed and Activities of Enzymes in Soil in Salinizated Marshes
Author(s): 
Pages: 117-121
Year: Issue:  1
Journal: Wetland Science

Keyword:  bensulfuron-methylPhragmites australisenzyme in the soilsalinizated marshes;
Abstract: The inland salinizated marshes, which distribute in the large-scale irrigation area in the west of the Songnen Plain, plays a key role in the water resources utilization of the return water of irrigation and pollution control of agricultural non-point source. But the effects of residual herbicide in the return water of irrigation on the salinizated marshes are still not clear. Therefore, the field experiment was conducted in the salinizated marshes in the west of the Songnen Plain from July to September, 2014, to study the ecological responding characteristics of reed(Phragmites australis) to herbicide bensulfuron-methyl in the return water of irrigation.The soil activities of enzymes in the soil under different application rates(0.009 9 g/m2, 0.019 9 g/m2and0.039 8 g/m2) of the herbicide were compared simultaneously. The results showed that the growth of reed was not significantly inhibited under different application rates of bensulfuron-methyl. Compared with the control treatment(application rates of bensulfuron-methyl is zero), the increment of the reed height increased 89.36%,70.02% and 52.7% respectively and stem diameter increased 7.7%, 0.7% and 11.2% respectively. The dry weight of reed was fluctuated change. Contents of soluble sugar in the reed leaves decreased significantly compared with that of control treatment. The photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the reed leaves did not decrease significantly with the increase of application rates of bensulfuron-methyl.The intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly higher than that of control treatment only under the high application rates of bensulfuron-methyl. The effects of bensulfuron-methyl on the activities of enzymes in the soil were different, and the activities of catalase and invertase in the soil were not significantly inhibited, but that of alkaline phosphatase was activated by high application rates of bensulfuron-methyl. Therefore, there was no significant toxicological risk on the growth of reed and activities of enzymes in the soil covered the water of 15 cm depth in the salinizated marshes when the application rates of bensulfuron-methyl were less than 0.0398 g/m2.
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