Author(s): DANG Genyou, WEI Yiqin, LIU Wangqing, QIU Min, LI Hongxia, FANG Liang, ZHANG Shuangxi, FAN Ming, SHEN Qiangyun, Crop Research Institute of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Pages: 198-206
Year: 2015 Issue:  2
Journal: Journal of Triticeae Crops
Keyword:  Spring wheat; Irrigation mode; Photosynthesis characteristics; Dry matter accumulation and distribution; Grain yield;
Abstract: In order to screening suitable irrigation mode for water saving cultivation technique of spring wheat in Yellow River Irrigation region in Ningxia,photosynthesis characteristics,dry matter accumulation and distribution,grain yield and WUE of wheat were investigated under six irrigation treatments(W1:irrigation at two stages of double ridge and anthesis;W2:irrigation at double ridge stage;W3:irrigation at jointing stage;W4:irrigation at two stages of double ridge and booting;W5:irrigation at five stages of double ridge,jointing,booting,anthesis,and filling;W6:irrigation at four stages of double ridge,jointing,booting,and anthesis)through field experiment.The results showed that W1,W4,W5 and W6treatments with irrigation at double ridge stage and booting stage or anthesis stage significantly increased photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of springwheat;and W1,W2,W4 treatments with irrigation at double ridge stage and less irrigation at late growth stage significantly increased intercellular CO2 concentration.Decreasing irrigation times significantly increased chlorophyll content(SPAD)of flag leaves,decreased leaf area index(LAI),the most obvious was for W3 treatment with no irrigation at double ridge stage.W4 treatment with irrigation at booting stage significantly decreased SPAD of flag leaves during heading to anthesis stage,and significantly increased SPAD of flag leaves during anthesis to filling stage,significantly increased LAI from heading stage to anthesis,irrigation at anthesis significantly affecting flag leaf area of spring wheat from anthesis to filling stage.Irrigation at double ridge,jointing,booting and anthesis stage significantly promoted dry matter accumulation of spring wheat,increasing irrigation times significantly promoted leaf dry matter accumulation,reduced the proportion of dry matter in stem and sheath.Lack of irrigation at double ridge stage significantly decreased dry matter accumulation of leaf and spike,increased the dry matter proportion of leaves during anthesis to mature stage.Irrigation at double ridge stage and booting stage significantly decreased the dry matter proportion of leaf from booting to anthesis of spring wheat,reduced dry matter accumulation of stem and sheath from anthesis to filling of spring wheat.Lacking irrigation at jointing and booting stage significantly increased dry matter accumulation of sheath and stem from heading to anthesis leaf,which affected dry matter accumulation of stage.Irrigation at filling stage did not affect the dry matter accumulation of stems and sheaths,leaves and spikes.Irrigation at booting,blossom and grain-filling stage significantly increased the dry matter proportion of spike from anthesis to mature stage.Irrigation at grain-filling stage did not affect dry matter accumulation of stems and sheaths,leaves and spikes.W1,W2,W4 treatments lacking irrigation from double ridge to anthesis stage were favorable for assimilating transportation amount before anthesis.Increasing irrigation times significantly increased grain yield,no irrigation at double ridge stage significantly decreased grain number per spike,significantly increased 1 000-grain weight,and significantly decreased harvest index.Increasing irrigation times significantly decreased water use efficiency and irrigation efficiency,the effect of irrigation at double ridge stage was the most obvious.Above all,the lack of irrigation at double ridge stage significantly affected grain production of spring wheat,followed with lack of irrigation at anthesis and booting stage,and the effect of irrigation at filling stage was not obvious.