Author(s): Aysegul Gunduz, Hatice Kumru, Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Pages: 712-718
Year: 2014 Issue:  7
Journal: Neural Regeneration Research
Keyword:  reviews; muscle spasticity; motor cortex; transcranial magnetic stimulation; transcranial direct current stimulation; central nervous system; stroke;
Abstract: Non-invasive brain stimulations mainly consist of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation exhib-its satisfactory outcomes in improving multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury and cerebral palsy-induced spasticity. By contrast, transcranial direct current stimulation has only been studied in post-stroke spasticity. To better validate the effcacy of non-invasive brain stimulations in im-proving the spasticity post-stroke, more prospective cohort studies involving large sample sizes are needed.