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tian shi dao ming cheng xiao yi
Author(s): 
Pages: 39-42
Year: Issue:  S1
Journal: Religious Studies

Keyword:  天师道五斗米道张陵黄帝内经素问道教三国志小议学术界后汉书张鲁;
Abstract: <正> 天师道,在汉、魏时期称五斗米道,这在《后汉书》、《三国志》的有关传记中,记载相同,学术界也无异辞;后来改称天师道,但为什么改称?何时改称?学术界的看法却不一致。有说因张陵自称天师,故名天师道;有说因道徒尊张陵为天师,故称天师道。至于何时改称,有说起于西晋陈瑞自称天师以后;有说起于汉熹平时,或更早。这些,在道数史研究中虽不是大问题,但讨论清楚,还是有意义的。“天师”一词,最早见于《庄子·徐无畏》,该篇设黄帝与小童问答,中云:“黄帝再拜稽首,称天师而退。”后之《黄帝内经素问》,设黄帝与岐伯、雷公等之问答,首篇首句云:“昔在黄帝生而神灵,……乃问于天师曰”,注云:“天师,岐
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