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Clinical features and treatment strategies in 8 patients with AMI and ventricular septal rupture
Author(s): 
Pages: 452-454
Year: Issue:  6
Journal: Journal of Clinical Cardiology

Keyword:  心肌梗死急性 室间隔穿孔;
Abstract: 目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)后发生室间隔穿孔(VSR)的临床特征、冠状动脉(冠脉)造影表现、治疗方法及预后情况。方法:对我院2003-01-2011-10收治的8例急性ST段抬高型AMI并发VSR患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:4例(50.0%)并发高血压,3例(37.5%)有糖尿病史,1例(12.5%)有吸烟史。前壁AMI 7例(87.5%),下壁AMI 1例(12.5%)。心功能Ⅳ级5例(62.5%),Ⅲ级3例(37.5%)。持续性胸痛的时间为14~336h。超声心动图提示室间隔缺损,穿孔直径范围6~22mm,均位于室间隔近心尖部。5例行主动脉内球囊反搏术(IABP)支持循环;5例行经皮冠脉成形术(PCI),其中左前降支开口闭塞4例(80%),右冠脉闭塞1例(20%);1例仅行室间隔封堵术。1例(12.5%)行急诊PCI术4周后行外科手术治疗并存活;死亡7例(87.5%),7例内科治疗患者均死亡,死亡率高达100%。结论:AMI并发室间隔破裂并不多见,大多发生在广泛前壁AMI的患者,迅速发展至心源性休克,内科治疗病死率很高;若能尽早开通罪犯血管,同时辅以血管活性药物,必要时IABP支持治疗,维持血流动力学稳定至穿孔后4~8周行室间隔修补术,可提高存活率。
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