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The Russian Government Reform and Retired Noble in the 18th Century
Author(s): ZHANG Zong-hua
Pages: 82-
88
Year: 2013
Issue:
1
Journal: Siberian Studies
Keyword: 俄国; 改革; 贵族;
Abstract: 领地制度和君主专制是俄国政府推行农奴制和强制贵族服役的前提.在西方外力的冲击下,18世纪沙皇政府人为主导的悖论性改革,不仅造成了农民和贵族的分裂,而且激化了贵族等级内部的矛盾,最终诱发了18世纪中后期贵族军官提前退役的浪潮.社会出身、财产资格成为下层贵族军官退役的根本原因,矛盾心理导致中上层贵族军官的退役;退役军官多于文官,且退役军官的年龄日趋年轻化,退役军官转业受到限制,造成一些人流离失所.
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